Rosenberg



Jam 24, 1956 G. ROSENBERG 2,732,130

CALCULATING APPARATUS Filed July '7, 1952 4 Sheets-Shree*v l Jan. 24,1956 Filed July 7, 1952 G. RosENBr-:RG 2,732,130

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`lan. 24, 1956 Q ROSENBERG 2,732,130

CALCULATING APPARATUS Filed July 7, 1952 4 Sheets--Shee-v 4 ilnitedStates Patent O CALCULATING APPARATUS Gerhard Rosenberg, Guildford,England Application July 7, 1952, Serial No. $7,423

Claims priority, application Great Britain September 13, 1951 Claims.(Cl. 23S-JH) The present invention relates to calculating apparatushaving a plurality of endless bands arranged side by side each endlessband being marked on its outer surface with graduated scales showing,for example, numerals representing numbers, money, measurements or thelike, the endless bands being movable manually by an operator to effecta calculation. o

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved apparatusof the above kind.'

According to the present invention calculating apparatus is providedwhich comprises a plurality of endless bands arranged side by side eachbeing marked on its outer surface with graduated scales, a supportingsprocket wheel arranged at either end of each endless band the teeth vofthe sprockets engaging in perforations provided in the'associatedendless band, the sprockets at opposite ends of the plurality of endlessbands being mounted on a pair of shafts arranged in parallel spacedrelationship in a supporting framework, and means associated with eachadjacent pair of endless bands for transmitting longitudinal movementfrom one endless band as the same moves to the limit of its scales tothe adjacent endless band.

The assembly is contained within a casing having a removable or hingedlid or cover, the said cover or lid being provided with a series ofparallel slots, corresponding in number to the number of endless bands,one said slot being associated with each endless band to permit a stylusor other pointed instrument to be inserted into engagernent with a bandwhereupon longitudinal movement of the stylus will effect similarmovement of the engaged endless band, the cover or lid being furtherprovided with inspection windows one for each endless band and throughwhich a number resulting from manipulation of the endless bands can beviewed.

The endless bands and` their associated sprockets are carried by aframework whichis positioned within the casing the framework comprising,for example, a pair of side members, arranged in spaced relationshipwith one another and between which the sprocket carrying shafts extend,a plurality of spacing members the number of which corresponds to thenumber of endless bands, and arranged side by side between the sidemembers and a spacing plate arranged between the opposing edges ofadjacent spacing members the components being clamped together to form arigidassembly by clamping bolts extending between the side members theShanks of said bolts passing through aligned holes provided in the sidemembers, spacing members and spacing plates.

Each sprocket wheel may be provided with a single set of .teeth forengagement with perforations arranged along one marginal edge of theendless band, or alternatively two or more sets of teeth may be providedon each sprocket with a corresponding number of rows of perforations inthe endless bands.

In order that the invention may clearly be understood and carried intoeffect an embodiment of the same will ICC now be described with the aiddrawings in which:

Figs. l and 2 are a front elevation and side view respectively of thecalculating unit.

Fig. 3 is an outside view of a casing in which the calculating unit iscontained.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 is afurther sectional view on the line S-S of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a view showing the developed lengths of the endless bands thescales lon the bands being marked for money calculations. y

Figs. 7 and 8 are side and end views respectively of a toothed sprocketsuitable for supporting each endless band.

Figs. 9 and l0 are side and end views respectively of a toothed sprockethaving modified means for engagement by the fingers of an adjacent bandand Figs. 1l and l2 arewsidc and end views respectively of a fingersuitable for use with the toothed sprocket shown in Figs. 9 and l0.

As shown in the drawings the calculating unit consists of a series of.endless bands 1 arranged side by side, each band being supported ateither end on a toothed sprocket 2.

The sprockets at each end of the series of endless bands are supportedso asl to be freely rotatable on common shafts 3 and 4 respectivelyarranged parallel to each other, each shaft 3 and 4 being supported atits opposite ends in side frame members 5 and 6 to which the shafts aresecured by riveting their ends over into countersunk holes provided inthe side members 5 and 6.

The edges of adjacent endless bands are separated from one another byseparating plates 7 which are maintained in spaced relationship with oneanother by the interposition of spacing members 8, the side members 5and 6, separating plates r7 and spacing members 8 being secured togetherto form a rigid framework by a pair of elongated bolts 9, the shank ofeach of which passes through aligned holes provided in the side framemember 5 separating plates `7 and spacing member 8 the threaded end ofeach bolt 9 being screwed into a correspondingly tapped hole provided inthe side member 6.

As shown in Fig. 6 each endless band is made from a single length ofmetal, plastic or other suitable strip material which is provided at oneend with a tongue 11, the endless band being formed by bending the stripso that the edges 12 at opposite ends of the strip abut against oneanother with the 'tongue ll'situated in contact with the inner face ofthe band,` the ends being secured together by a rivet which passesthrough holes 13 and 14 formed respectively in the tongue and band.

Each band l is also provided adjacent one marginal edge with a series ofholes 1S for engagement with the teeth of the sprockets 2, and a furtherseries of holes 16 arranged in spaced relationship along the centre lineof the band, the holes 16 being adapted to be engaged by the point of astylus by means of which the bands are moved when effectng acalculation. Preferably each spacing member 8 is provided with alongitudinally extending groove 17 which forms a guide for the point ofthe stylus when inserted through the holes 16.

The sprocket shown in Figs. 7 and S consists of a bush 18 the length ofwhich is equivalent to the width of the endless band. The bush has twospaced shoulders 19 and 20 on the peripheries of which the associatedendless band is supported. The shoulder 20 is provided with six sprocketteeth 20a, and the reduced diameter between the shoulders provides aclearance for the passage of the rivet securing the ends of a bandtogether so that the same will move freely when moved.

of the accompanying The outer surface of each endless band isprovidedwith a plurality of scaies and one unit of each scalecorresponds to haii the circumference of a sprocket so that movement ofan endless band through a distance equal to one graduation will effect ahalf revolution of the sprockets supporting that endless band. y

Dririga calulation as one endless bandmoves to the limit of one of itsscalesth adjacent band carrying the sn'cceeding scale is moved one wholeunit. For this purposeeach endless bandis provided Vat the limit of eachof its s'alcs with a linger 21, each saidY finger projecting sidewaysfrom the associated endless band and adapted to cngage a dog member 22formed on one end of each sprocket wheel 2..

The asseiiibiei-iY ealeulaiiiig unit described above is con tainedwithin a casingfornprising a base portion 23 and a removable cover 2,4,the cover being secured in position by` screws Z5 which pass throughclearance holes in the 'side walls of the cover and base, the 'screws 25screwing into tapped holes A26 provided in the thickness of the twoextreme outer sp'acin'gmemb'ers 3.

The cover 24 is provided with series of parallel slots 27 the number ofslots corresponding 'to the number of endless bands. The slots arepositioned on the cover 24 'that each 'slet is in alignment with thelongitudinal of the associated band to permitthe stylus to be insertedinto the holes 16 in the band. The cover 24 is also provided withinspection windows 28 one foreach endless band land through which anumber resulting from manipulation of the endless bands can be Viewed.

The casing may be of metal, plastic or any other `suitable material andthe size ot the 'saine is preferably such tha'tit-'ca'n be carried inthepocket of the user.

The calculating device 'shown in ligs. l3, 4 and 5 of the drawings isdesigned particularly for effecting calcu# lations in sterling'. l

As shown seven endless bands 'are provided the scales of which aremarked as shown in Fig. 6. Referring to Fig. 3, the extreme right handendless band represents the pence column and is provided with threescales the graduations of which are marked 0 to ll as 'shown at A inFig. 6. This endless band is provided with one hundred and eight Y(108)perforations I5 for the teeth of the sprocket wheels, thirty-six (36)holes 16 for the stylus ahdthrlee fingers 21.

The nekt two bands represent the shillings column and the first of theseis provided with three scales the graduations of which are marked asshown at B in Fig. 6, the other endless band being graduated and markedas -shown at C Fig. 6; Endless bands B 'and C each have ninety (90)perforations i5 and 3Q holes i6, band B also having three fingers VZ1,while band C has fifteen (l5) trip fingers 2l.

The remaining four endless Vbands represent the pounds columns and areidentical with the endless bands B shown in Fig. 6. Three only of theseendless bands are however provided with vvfingers '21, 'the same 'beingomitted from the extreme left hand band.

The marginal edges of the slots 27 are marked according Vto the scaleson the associated bands and each inspection window 23 is provided with aconventional symbol designating the ligure shown therein upon completionof a calculation.

To prevent the band from being raised out of contact with the sprocket`periphery as vthetingers pass around the sprocket which couid result indisengagement between the sprocket teeth and the perforations 1 5, -theperiphery of each sprocket Z can be provided, as shown inthe'modification in lFigs'. 9 and 10, with 'a longitudinal groove 29 inwhich each lfinger 21'Vis located as it passes around the sprocketperiphery. The groove 29V and the iingers '21" are complementaryvconfigured forexarnple, toothed shaped as 'shown in Figs. 9-10 andl1-l2 respectively to ensure positive -and accurate engagement betweenthe same. The provision of the grooves 29 has the advantagerthat eachlinger is supported 'against displacement relatve'to the band to whichit is iixed, thus the strain on joint between the finger and band isrelieved during operation of the device and consequent damage to theband eliminated.

The calculator of the present invention may include different sets ofendless bands the scales of which are graduated to represent plainnumbers, money, linear measurements or the like.

hor example, two sets of endless bands may be provided, the scales ofone set representing plain rnumbers while the scales of the other setrepresent money.

What l claim is:

l. Calculating apparatus comprising a casing having a removable lid,perforated endless bands arranged side by side and each being marked onits outer surface with graduated scales, a supporting sprocket wheelarranged at either end of each endless band, the teeth of the sprocketsengaging the perforations provided in the associated endless band, thesprockets at opposite ends of the plurality of endless bands beingmounted onv a pair of shafts arranged Vin parallel spaced relationship.in asupporting framework removably mounted in the casingy saidframework consisting of apair of side members arranged in spacedrelationship with one another and between which the sprocket carryingshafts extend, a plurality of spacing members the number of whichcorresponds to the Ynumber of endless bands arranged side by sidebetween the Vframe side memu bers, clamping means passing throughaligned holes provided in the side members and spacing members to unitesaid framework in a rigid assembly; a groove extending longitudinally ofthe length of each spacing member for engagement by the pointer a stylusto guide the same during longitudinal movement of an endiess band, aseries of parallel slotsin the removable `lid corresponding in numbertothe number of endless bands, one said slot being associatetl with eachendless band 'to permit the Ystylus to be inserted into engagement witha band, inspection windows in the removable lid, one for each endlessband through which a number resulting from manipulation of the endlessbands 'can be viewed, and means associated with each adjacent pair ofendless bands for Vtransmitting longitudinal movement from one endlessband as the same moves to the limit of its scales tothe adjacent endlessband.

2. Calculating 4apparatus 'comprising Va casing having a removable lid,perforated endless bands arranged side by side and `each'being marked onits outer 'surface with graduated lscales, a supporting 'sprocket 'wheelarranged at either end of each endless band, the teeth 'of the sprocketsengaging in perforations provided in the associated endless band, thesprockets at opposite ends of the plurality of endless bands beingmounted Von a pair of shafts arranged in parallel spaced relationship ina supporting framework removably mounted in the casing; said`fram'eworli consisting of a pair of side members arranged'in spacedrelation-V ship 'with "one another and between which the sprocket to'clamp said framework components in Va rigid assembly,

the Shanks of said bolts passing through aligned holes provided -i-n theside members and spacing members; a groove exten-ding lc'in'gi'tudinallyof the length of each spacing member for engagement by the point-or astylns'to guide the same during longitudinal movement of an endlessband, a ser-ies of parallel slots in the removable lid corresponding innumber to the number `of endless bands, one said slot being associatedwith each endless band to permit the 'stylus to be inserted intoengagement with a band, inspection windowsl in-lthe removable lid, onevfor e'ach endless band and through which Sa number resulting frommanipulation ofthe endless bands can be viewed, and fingers extendingoutwardly from. one side of each endless band the ntunber of fingerscorresponding to lthe number of scales marked on the endless band, thefingers of one endless band being engageable with an abutment surfaceassociated with the next- 5 6 adjacent endless band to transmitlongitudinal movement 5. Calculating apparatus according to claim 4wherein from one endless oand as the same moves to the limit of thegroove and engaging surface of the nger are of comits scales to theadjacent endless band. plementary configuration.

3. Calculating apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the ngers of oneendless band are engageable with pro- 5 References Cited ill the l 0fthis patent jections formed by a dog member provided on one end ofUNITED STATES PATENTS the sprocket wheels of the adjacent endless bands.

4. Calculating apparatus according to claim 2 wherein 446753 Jewett Feb17 1891 each sprocket is provided with at least one groove extendinglongitudinally across the periphery of the same for the 10 FOREIGNPATENTS

